A detailed heritage article exploring the history of the Dos Nail Works in Newport, Monmouthshire one of the most significant manufacturing sites in Victorian South Wales. Established around 1835 by American-born industrialist James Jamieson Cordes, the works specialised in the production of "Ewbank" Patent Cut Nails, exported by the ton to Australia, India, and South America. The article covers the origins of the factory, the technology of cut nail manufacture, the geography of industry along the River Usk and Monmouthshire Canal, the human story of the Newport families who worked there across generations, and the eventual closure of the works in 1961. Includes two AI-assisted visual reconstructions of the site and cutting shops at their Victorian peak.